Presentations
- Atypical eye:
- appearance
- eye discharge or erythema
- family history
- function
- identified on screening
- nystagmus
- shape
- size
- visual disorders as part of genetic diagnoses
Conditions
- Blocked tear ducts
- Congenital eye disorders and syndromes, such as:
- anophthalmia
- congenital cataracts
- glaucoma
- microphthalmia
- Disorders affecting the eyelashes and eyelids
- Infection, such as:
- blepharitis
- conjunctivitis
- Retinopathy of prematurity
- Trauma
For each presentation and condition, Advanced Trainees will know how to:
Synthesise
- recognise the clinical presentation
- identify relevant epidemiology, prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical science
- take a comprehensive clinical history
- conduct an appropriate examination
- establish a differential diagnosis
- plan and arrange appropriate investigations
- consider the impact of illness and disease on patients and their quality of life when
developing a management plan
Manage
- provide evidence-based management
- prescribe therapies tailored to patients’ needs and conditions
- recognise potential complications of disease and its management, and initiate
preventative strategies
- involve multidisciplinary teams
Consider other factors
- identify individual and social factors and the impact of these on diagnosis and
management
Conditions
- Congenital eye disorders
- Disorders of the neurological optic pathways
- Severe neurological problems leading to cortical blindness
- Trauma
- Uncommon infections, such as:
For each presentation and condition, Advanced Trainees will know how to:
Synthesise
- recognise the clinical presentation
- identify relevant epidemiology, prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical science
- take a comprehensive clinical history
- conduct an appropriate examination
- establish a differential diagnosis
- plan and arrange appropriate investigations
- consider the impact of illness and disease on patients and their quality of life when
developing a management plan
Manage
- provide evidence-based management
- prescribe therapies tailored to patients’ needs and conditions
- recognise potential complications of disease and its management, and initiate
preventative strategies
- involve multidisciplinary teams
Consider other factors
- identify individual and social factors and the impact of these on diagnosis and
management
- Community support, including:
- access to therapies
- financial support
- visual aids
- Indications and options for treatment of retinopathy of prematurity and related risks
- Indications for multidisciplinary and ophthalmology teams for the diagnosis and management of eye
disorders
- Indications for screening for retinopathy of prematurity
- Long-term outcomes
- Pathology of underlying eye conditions
- Pathophysiology and development of the eye and visual pathways
- Pharmacological and surgical methods of treatment
Investigations
- Assessment for visual impairment
- Genetic testing
- Head imaging, including:
- Screening for eye disorders on newborn examination
- Visual evoked potentials (VEP) to assess the electrical activity in the visual cortex in
response to visual stimuli
- Visual examination with ophthalmoscope
Procedures
- Discuss the use of retinal cameras
- Use of manual ophthalmoscope
- Monitoring for retinopathy of prematurity in rural and regional centres
