Cardiology curriculum standards (Adult Internal Medicine)

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• communicate openly, listen, and take patients’ concerns seriously, and give them adequate opportunity to question
• provide information to patients, family, or carers to enable them to make informed decisions from various diagnostic, therapeutic, and management options
• communicate clearly, effectively, respectfully, and promptly with other health professionals involved in patients’ care
• write clear and legible prescriptions in plain language, and include specific indications for the anticipated duration of therapy

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• anticipate, read, and respond to verbal and nonspeaking cues
• demonstrate active listening skills
• communicate patients’ situations to colleagues, including senior clinicians

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• demonstrate safety skills including infection control, adverse event reporting, and effective clinical handover
• recognise and effectively deal with aggressive and violent patient behaviours through appropriate training
• obtain informed consent before undertaking any investigation or providing treatment, except in an emergency
• ensure that patients are informed of the material risks associated with any part of the proposed management plans
• review medicines regularly to reduce non-adherence, and monitor treatment effectiveness, possible side effects, drug interactions, and cease unnecessary medicines

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• perform hand hygiene and take infection control precautions at appropriate moments
• take precaution against assaults from agitated patients, and ensure appropriate care of patients
• document history and physical examination findings, and synthesise with clarity and completeness

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• set defined objectives for clinical teaching encounters, and solicit feedback on mutually agreed goals
• regularly reflect and self-evaluate professional development
• obtain informed consent before turning clinical activities into teaching opportunities
• turn clinical activities into opportunities to teach, appropriate to the setting

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• set unclear goals and objectives for self-learning
• self-reflect infrequently
• deliver teaching considering learners' level of training

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• search for, find, compile, analyse, interpret, and evaluate information relevant to the research subject

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• refer to guidelines and medical literature to assist in clinical assessments when required
• demonstrate an understanding of the limitations of the evidence and the challenges of applying research in daily practice

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• acknowledge patients' beliefs and values, and how these might impact on health
• demonstrate effective and culturally competent communication and care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and Māori peoples, and members of other cultural groups
• use professional interpreters, health advocates, or family member or community member to assist in communication with patients
• use plain-language patient education materials, and be culturally and linguistically sensitive

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• display respect for patients’ cultures, and attentiveness to social determinants of health
• display an understanding of at least the most prevalent cultures in society, and an appreciation of their sensitivities
• appropriately access interpretive or culturally focused services

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• demonstrate professional values including compassion, empathy, respect for diversity, integrity, honesty, and partnership to all patients
• hold information about patients in confidence, unless the release of information is required by law or public interest
• assess patients' capacity for decision making, and involve a proxy decision makers appropriately
• demonstrate understanding of the ethical implications of pharmaceutical industry marketing and funded research

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• demonstrate professional conduct, honesty and integrity
• consider patients’ decision-making capacity
• identify patients’ preferences regarding management and the role of families in decision making
• not advance personal interest or professional agendas at the expense of patient or social welfare
• follow organisational policies on pharmaceutical representative visits and drug marketing

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• apply knowledge and experience to identify patients’ problems, make logical, rational decisions, and act to achieve positive outcomes for patients
• use a holistic approach to health, considering comorbidity, uncertainty, and risk
• use the best available evidence for the most effective therapies and interventions to ensure quality care
• select appropriate procedures and investigations
• prescribe medicines appropriately to patients' clinical needs, in doses that meet their individual requirements, for a sufficient length of time, with the lowest cost to them

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• demonstrate clinical reasoning by gathering focused information relevant to patients' care
• recognise personal limitations and seek help from experienced clinicians or pharmacists in an appropriate way when required

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• work effectively as a member of multidisciplinary teams to achieve patients' best health outcomes
• demonstrate awareness of colleagues in difficulty, and work within the appropriate structural systems to support them while maintaining patient safety

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• share relevant information with members of the health care team

Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

• participate in health promotion, disease prevention and control, screening, and reporting notifiable diseases
• aim to achieve the optimal cost-effective patient care to allow maximum benefit from available resources
• recognise the difference between Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), non-PBS, and authority prescribing

Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

• identify and navigate components of the healthcare system relevant to patients' care
• identify and access relevant community resources to support patient care