The practice of paediatric neurology encompasses the diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems, as well as muscle.

Paediatric neurologists demonstrate knowledge of neuroanatomy, neurogenetics, neuroimmunology, neuropathology, neuropharmacology, and neurophysiology, as well as neurological conditions, including those which are common and rare, and those which need to be dealt with as emergencies.

Paediatric neurologists work in public hospitals and private practice. They care for children from the antenatal period to adolescence, overseeing children and their families who have a broad range of neurological conditions. They apply adaptable but in-depth clinical skills appropriate to the developmental stage of the child. As knowledge in the field increases and the landscape is ever-changing, paediatric neurologists must be aware of and adapt with these changes.

Paediatric neurologists are skilled diagnosticians who reach accurate diagnoses by taking detailed histories, performing thorough neurological examinations, and investigating patients rationally by using tools such as imaging, lumbar puncture, neurophysiology, and/or genetics. They are expected to be familiar with neurophysiological investigations.

Paediatric neurologists:

  • Apply a multidisciplinary approach

    Paediatric neurologists are required to work effectively as part of a multidisciplinary team. They need to liaise with other medical and allied health professionals.

  • Work sensitively with a variety of patients and their families’

    Paediatric neurologists work with patients and their families and/or carers to address determinants of health that affect them and their access to needed health services or resources. They provide culturally safe education and support in a professional, empathic, and non-judgemental manner. Some neurological conditions are life-limiting so paediatric neurologists must be able to provide a prognosis and support to these patients and their carers, as well as empathetically manage end-of-life issues.

  • Demonstrate strong communication skills

    Paediatric neurologists must develop a personable interviewing technique to support their investigations, and an ability to relate to children and young people and their carers. They appreciate when referral to a more appropriate or more qualified practitioner in a particular subspecialty is necessary.

  • Apply an evidence-based approach

    Paediatric neurologists conduct and apply research to make evidence-based decisions that improve the treatment and management of their patients. Furthermore, the rapid expansion in knowledge, particularly in areas of diagnosis and treatment, necessitates the ability to keep up to date with research, and paediatric neurologists must identify appropriate resources to do this.

  • Demonstrate cultural competency

    Paediatric neurologists must empathetically consider cultural differences when assessing, managing, and counselling patients and their families and/or carers. At times, this may include consideration or understanding of alternate therapies that may be desired, alongside evidence-based treatments.

Last modified: Thursday, 27 November 2025, 12:25 PM