Entrustable Professional Activities

EPA 3: Quality improvement

EPA 3

Quality improvement

Identify and address failures in health care delivery

This activity requires the ability to:

  • identify, mitigate, and report actual and potential (near miss) errors
  • conduct system improvement activities
  • adhere to best practice guidelines
  • audit clinical guidelines and outcomes
  • contribute to the development of policies and protocols designed to protect patients and enhance health care
  • monitor one’s own practice and develop individual improvement plans

Professional practice framework domain

Medical expertise

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • regularly review patients or population health outcomes to identify opportunities for improvement in delivering appropriate care
  • evaluate population, environmental, and lifestyle health risks, and advocate for healthy lifestyle choices
  • use standardised protocols to adhere to best practice and prevent the occurrence of wrong site, wrong-patient procedures
  • evaluate practice regularly to ensure it aligns with available evidence and guidelines

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • contribute to processes on identified opportunities for improvement
  • recognise the importance of prevention and early detection in clinical practice
  • use local guidelines to assist patient care decision making

Communication

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • use and support patients' access to high-quality, easy-to-understand information about health care
  • support patients to share decision making about their own health care, to the extent they choose
  • assist patients to understand about hospital open disclosure policy
  • discuss with patients any safety and quality concerns they have relating to their care
  • implement the organisation's open disclosure policy

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • explain that health literacy might affect the way patients or populations gain access to, understand, and use health information

Quality and safety

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • demonstrate best practice, including infection control, adverse event reporting, and effective clinical handover
  • participate in organisational quality and safety activities, including morbidity and mortality meetings and clinical incident reviews, and apply decisions to practice
  • use clinical audits and registries of data on patients' experiences and outcomes, and learn from incidents and complaints, to improve patients' experiences and outcomes and mitigate against potential adverse outcomes

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • demonstrate understanding of a systematic approach to improving the quality and safety of health care

Teaching and learning

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • participate in professional training in quality and safety to ensure a contemporary approach to safety system strategies
  • supervise and manage junior colleagues' performance in the delivery of safe, high-quality care
  • ensure continuing professional development as per RACP and training requirements

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • work within organisational quality and safety systems for the delivery of clinical care
  • use opportunities to learn about safety and quality theory and systems

Research

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • ensure that any protocol for human research is approved by a human research ethics committee, in accordance with the national statement on ethical conduct in human research

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • understand that patient participation in research is voluntary and based on an appropriate understanding about the purpose, methods, demands, risks, and potential benefits of the research

Cultural safety

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • undertake professional development opportunities that address the impact of cultural bias on health outcomes

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • communicate effectively with patients from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds

Ethics and professional behaviour

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • align improvement goals with the priorities of the organisation

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • comply with professional regulatory requirements and codes of conduct

Judgement and decision making

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • use decision-making support tools (guidelines, protocols, pathways, and reminders)
  • analyse and evaluate current care processes to improve health care

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • access information and advice from other health care practitioners to identify, evaluate, and improve patients’ care management

Leadership, management, and teamwork

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • support multidisciplinary team activities to lower patient risk of harm and promote multidisciplinary programs of education
  • contribute to developing an organisational culture that enables and prioritises patients’ safety and quality

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • demonstrate attitudes of respect and cooperation among members of different professional teams
  • partner with clinicians and managers to ensure that patients receive appropriate care and information on their care

Health policy, systems, and advocacy

confident
Ready to perform without supervision

Expected behaviours of a trainee who can routinely perform this activity without needing supervision

The trainee will:

  • support the development, implementation, evaluation, and monitoring of governance processes

direction
Requires some supervision

Possible behaviours of a trainee who needs some supervision to perform this activity

The trainee may:

  • maintain a dialogue with service managers about issues that affect patient care
  • contribute to relevant organisational policies and procedures
  • help to shape an organisational culture that prioritises safety and quality through openness, honesty, learning, and quality improvement