Conditions
- Arrhythmias
- Arthritis
- Autoimmune disease
- Bladder outflow obstruction
- Cardiac failure
- Cerebrovascular disease
- Connective tissue disorders
- Dementia
- Diabetes mellitus
- Electrolyte abnormalities, chronic
- Epilepsy
- Gastro-oesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer disease
- Glaucoma
- Gout
- Haematological conditions, chronic
- Hepatic failure, chronic
- Hyper- and hypothyroidism
- Hypertension
- Infectious disease
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Interstitial lung disease
- Ischaemic heart disease
- Kidney failure, chronic
- Malignancy
- Malnutrition
- Obesity
- Obstructive airway disease, chronic
- Obstructive sleep apnoea
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Parkinson disease
- Psychiatric disorders, such as:
- anxiety
- bipolar disorder
- depression
- eating disorders
- personality disorders
- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- schizophrenia
- substance use disorders
- Thromboembolic disease
For each presentation and condition, Advanced Trainees will know how to:
Synthesise
- recognise the clinical presentation
- identify relevant epidemiology, prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical science
- take a comprehensive clinical history
- conduct an appropriate examination
- establish a differential diagnosis
- plan and arrange appropriate investigations
- consider the impact of illness and disease on patients and their quality of life when developing a management plan
Manage
- provide evidence-based management
- prescribe therapies tailored to patients’ needs and conditions
- recognise potential complications of disease and its management, and initiate preventative strategies
- involve multidisciplinary teams
Consider other factors
- identify individual and social factors and the impact of these on diagnosis and management
Presentations
- Dialysis patient
- Organ transplantation
- Rare disease
For each presentation and condition, Advanced Trainees will know how to:
Synthesise
- recognise the clinical presentation
- identify relevant epidemiology, prevalence, pathophysiology, and clinical science
- take a comprehensive clinical history
- conduct an appropriate examination
- establish a differential diagnosis
- plan and arrange appropriate investigations
- consider the impact of illness and disease on patients and their quality of life when developing a management plan
Manage
- provide evidence-based management
- prescribe therapies tailored to patients’ needs and conditions
- recognise potential complications of disease and its management, and initiate preventative strategies
- involve multidisciplinary teams
Consider other factors
- identify individual and social factors and the impact of these on diagnosis and management
Clinical assessment tools
- Frailty and functional status scores
- Risk assessment tools, such as:
- CHA2DS2-VASc calculator for evaluating ischemic stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation
- HAS-BLED score for major bleeding risk
- Severity scores:
- Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD)
- New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification
- Tests of cognition, such as Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
Investigations
- Anatomical specimens:
- Blood tests
- Bone mineral density
- ECG
- Echocardiogram
- Imaging, such as:
- CT scan
- MRI
- nuclear medicine imaging:
- ultrasound
- x-ray
- Lung function tests
- Microbiological specimens
- Adjustment of target parameters in the context of life-limiting illness, such as blood glucose target range
- Cessation of primary and secondary prevention in the context of life-limiting illness
- Cessation of treatment of comorbidities in the context of life-limiting illness
- Prescription of medications that do not exacerbate symptoms of comorbidities
